The Fiqh of Taraweeh

The following is a translated excerpt from the book Haashiyah 'ala Rawdh al Murbi' Sharh Zaad al-Mustaqni by ibn Qasim al-Hanbali regarding the fiqh of taraweeh:

The Fiqh of Taraweeh

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Bidāyat al-Mujtahid Lesson 2

This is lesson 2 of the class on Bidāyat al-Mujtahid by Shaykh Bachir Abu Anas.

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Uṣūl al-fiqh

Uṣūl al-fiqh refers to principles upon which Islamic Jurisprudence is based. It deals with the sources of Islamic law and how they are used to derive rulings within the framework of Shari'ah.

The following is a simple and lucid text on the Uṣūl al-fiqh by Shaykh Taha Jabir al-'Alwani translated into english:

Usul al-Fiqh

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Bidāyat al-Mujtahid Lesson 1

This is lesson 1 of the class on Bidāyat al-Mujtahid by Shaykh Bachir Abu Anas.

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Bidāyat al-Mujtahid wa Nihāyat al-Muqtasid

This work of Ibn Rushd rahimahullah outlines the differences of opinion among the 'ulema, including the four madhahib, on matters of fiqh (salah, wudu', etc). Ibn Rushd not only mentions the difference, but also as to why they differ and where those differences stem from i.e. interpretation, usul, textual preference, linguistic meaning, etc.

Shaykh Bachir abu Anas has been teaching the text at Masjid al-Malik (Orlando, FL) and insha'Allah i will be posting notes/recordings of the class.  The following is a brief bio of Shaykh Bachir abu Anas:

Shaykh Dr. Bachir Mouuloud Djehiche abu Anas has served as a Professor of Islamic Studies at the American International University (AIU), VA., and American Islamic University, MI.  Orginally from Algeria, he left for al-Madinah al-Munwwara and obtained a degree in Shari'ah from the Islamic University Madinah.  Then, he went to Malaysia to earn his Masters and PhD in the principles of Islamic jurisprudence (usul al-fiqh) from the International Islamic University Malaysia. Shaykh Bachir currently serves as the Imam of Masjid al-Malik, part of the Islamic Society of Central Florida. 

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al-Muwaṭṭa al-Malik

Al-Muwaṭṭa of Imam Malik ibn Anas, the great jurist of Madina and founder of the Maliki school of Islamic Law, is a complete record of the legal and social parameters of the original Muslim community in Al-Madina. Imam Malik composed al-Muwaṭṭa over a period of forty years to represent the "well-trodden path" of the people of Madinah.

Its name also means that it is the book that is "many times agreed upon"- about whose contents the people of Madinah were unanimously agreed. Its high standing is such that people of every school of fiqh and all of the imams of hadith scholarship agree upon its authenticity. Imam Shafi'i famously said, "There is not on the face of the earth a book - after the Book of Allah - which is more authentic than the book of Malik." The following is an english translation of the al-Muwatta by 'Aisha Bewley:

al-Muwatta'

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Jihad and Islamic Law

The Royal Aal al-Bayt Institute for Islamic Thought is an international Islamic non-governmental, independent institute headquartered in Amman, the capital of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. The purpose of the Royal Aal al-Bayt Institute for Islamic Thought is to serve Islam and humanity at large.  

Among its objectives are: promoting awareness of Islam and Islamic thought, rectifying unsound ideas and misconceptions about Islam, highlighting the Islamic intellectual contribution and its impact on human civilization, deepening the dialogue and fostering cooperation between the schools of Islamic jurisprudence, highlighting the achievements of Aal al-Bayt (Household of the Prophet) and their calling for middle ground, moderation and tolerance, fostering the encounter of Muslim scholars, the strengthening of their intellectual links and exchange of opinions, and cooperating with research centres, institutes, academic entities and universities in accordance with the objectives of the Institute. The following book is a production of the Royal Aal al-Bayt Institute for Islamic Thought regarding Jihad and Islamic Law:Jihad and Islamic Law

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ar-Risāla: A Treastise on Maliki Fiqh

'Abdullah ibn Abi Zayd al-Qayrawani (310/922 -386/996) or Abu Muhammad 'Abdullah, a Maliki faqih was known as "Shaykh al-Faqih" and "little Malik". He was the head of the Maliki school in Qayrawan. He wrote ar-Risala and an-Nawadir and several other books.

The following is an english translation of abi Zayd's treastise on Maliki Fiqh, ar-Risala: The Risala - A Treatise on Maliki Fiqh

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Safīnat al-Naja'

The Ship of Salvation as it is referred, Safīnat al-Naja' is a classic manual of Islamic Doctrine and Jurispuridence according to the Shafi'i madhab by Sālim ibn ʿAbdullah ibn Saʿd ibn Samīr al-Haḍramī al-Shāfiʿī.

Translated and compiled by ʿAbdullah Muḥammad al-Marbūqī al-Shāfiʿī.Safinat Al-Naja' in'Amiyyah

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Mukhtasar al-Quduri

Imam al-Quduri, Abu’l-Hasan Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Ja`far ibn Hamdan al-Quduri al-Baghdadi, the Hanafi jurist, was born in the year 362 AH. Abu’l-Hasan al-Quduri took his knowledge of fiqh from Abu `Abdillah Muhammad ibn al-Jurjani, from Abu Bakr al-Razi, from Abu’l-Hasan al-Karkhi, from Abu Sa`id al-Barda`i from `Ali al-Daqqaq, from Abu Sahl Musa ibn Nasr al-Razi, from Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Shaybani, from Abu Hanifah, from Hammad ibn Abi Sulayman, from Ibrahim al-Nakha`i, from `Alqamah, from `Abdullah ibn Mas`ud (may Allah be pleased with him) from the Prophet (may Allah bless him and his Household and grant them all peace).

Al-Quduri was one of the ashab al-tarjih (jurists who weighed and analyzed the strengths of differing verdicts in the madhhab). The leadership of the Hanafis in `Iraq came to rest with him, and his renown rose. His mention recurs in the well-known Hanafi books al-Hidayah and al-Khulasah. He died on 15th Rajab 428 AH in Baghdad, and was buried in his home, but was later transported and buried beside Abu Bakr al-Khawarizmi, another Hanafi jurist.
Perhaps al-Quduri's most famous work, Al-Mukhtasar is also known as al-Kitab. The number of issues it addresses is 12,500, spanning the entire spectrum of fiqh, for the book covers not only matters of worship, but also business transactions, personal relations and penal and judicial matters. Abu `Ali al-Shashi said about the book, "Whoever memorizes this book is the best accomplished of our associates in memorization, and whoever understands it is the best accomplished of our associates in understanding."
As is common with fiqh summary texts (mutun, singular : matn), the book generally does not make a point of providing evidences and derivations of the regulations. The bases and reasonings behind the verdicts presented can be pursued in more advanced books of the madhhab, and also require some knowledge of usul al-fiqh. The traditional method of learning is for young people to first study (and often memorize) a basic matn, then later go back and study each issue in more detail, and/or along with the evidences.
It is related that when al-Quduri wrote this book, he carried it with him to the Ka`bah, and hung it from its curtains. He asked Allah the Exalted to bless him in it, and this prayer was apparently fulfilled. The book is recognized and respected as a reliable book of the school, and has had various commentaries written on it. Along with Muhammad ibn al-Hasan's Al-Jami` al-Saghir, it formed the nucleus of al-Marghinani's widely-renowned Al-Hidayah - which itself was commentated on by numerous scholars, among the more famous of them Hafiz Badr al-Din al-`Ayni (the author of the commentary on al-Bukhari `Umdat al-Qari) in Al-Binayah, and Hafiz Kamal al-Din Ibn al-Humam in Fath al-Qadir. It has been said that Hafiz Ibn Taymiyyah, the Hanbali scholar, used Al-Mukhtasar as his primary reference for the Hanafi school's positions. Upto this day, the book enjoys a wide acclaim, still forming a part of the teaching curriculum in many traditional madaris, and with prominent and accomplished contemporary scholars continuing to recommend and approve it as a teaching text.

The following is an english translation of al-Mukhtasar:

Mukhtasar al-Quduri

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